Ernst iiammesfahr



(No Model.)

B. HAMMESPAHR. DROP HAMMER.

No; 463,674. Patented Nov. 17, 1891.

QQE QW NITED STATES ATENT Fries.

ERNST IIAlWliliESFAl-IR, ()F SOLINGEN-FOOHE, GERMANY.

DROP-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 463,574, dated November 17, 1891."

Application filed March 4, 1891. Serial No. 383,675. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ERNST HAMMESFAHR, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,'residing at Solingen-Foche, in the country of the Rhine, Prussia, Germany, have invented a certain newand usefulImprovementin Powerllammers, of which the following is a specification.

I have in a patent to me-dated August 27, 1889, No..t09,836, shown a mode of operating a hammer by a constantly-revolving wheel having the hammer attached through a flexible connection to a pin allowed to slide from one side to the other of such wheel. In that patent I show the slideway as straight and extending diametrically across the wheel. The present improved machine works on the same general plan; but instead of allowing the pin to slide diametrically across it is caused to traverse in a curved path on the wheel. The revolution of the wheel receives the pin against a stop at one end of the curved way, and, as in my previous invention referred to, lifts the hammer by serving at this period as a crank-pin fixedin the wheel. The pin in my presentinvention retains that mode of operation until it has reached the highest point in its traverse and has somewhat passed it. Then the tension on the flexible connection causes the pin to move forward in the curved way provided, moving faster than the motion of the wheel, and it allows the hammer to descend with its full force. During the descent of the hammer the pin moves idly in the curved way. After it strikes it remains unaffected or but slightly lifted by the curved way until the stop comes around,wl1en it is again picked up by the crank-motion and after another half-revolution of the wheel is again dropped, and so on. The curved way may be either sunk or raised on the face of the wheel. If it is concentric to the axis of motion, the hammer will be allowed to lie on or near the anvil or on the hot iron or other material resting thereon during the little period which intervenes while the revolution of the wheel is causing the pin to traverse backward in the curved way until it is again struck by the stop and again lifted. In such case the only raising of the hammer during this interim will be due to the elasticity of the connections. The length of the connections should be adjusted so as to lift the hammer slightly; but if the curvature of the way is, as I prefer, eccentric or out of the round the hammer may be lifted to any desired extent above the work during the greater portion of thisperiod.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and represent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention. v

Figure 1 is an elevation showing a form of the invention in which the operating-wheel is near the floor, and the flexible connection runs over a pulley at the'top of the vertical way in which the hammer is guided. Fig.2 is on a larger scale. It is a face view of a wheel with a portion of the flexible connection extending downward therefrom. In this arrangement the connection is direct to the hammer. (Not shown.) Figs. 3, 4, and 5 represent parts of a corresponding wheel and flexible connection on a larger scale. Fig. 3

is a face View; Fig. 4, a top view, and Fig. 5 av vertical section. Figs. 6 and 7 represent modifications and are face views of their respective wheels with an outline of the connection. In Fig. 6 the connection extends downward,corresponding to Fig. 2. In Fig. 7 the connection extends obliquely and is adapted to serve with a pulley to change the direction of the tension of the hammer in the manner shown in Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they appear.

A is a wheel fixed on the end of a horizontal shaft, supported in fixed bearings, and

rotated continuously in the direction of the arrow by a steam-engine or other suitable power, and a is a smooth curved way provided in the face of such wheel. This way extends nearly but not quite around, the interim being an efficient stop a, through which the force of the wheel is transmitted at the proper intervals to a block B, adapted to traverse the curved way and carrying a pin 13, which engages the eye C in the end of a flexible connection 0', which connects to the hammer. The flexible connection 0 may be a strap of leather or of thin metal, or may be a rope of manila or other suitable material.

In Fig. 1 this strap or rope 0 runs over a pulley supported in fixed bearings and connects to the hammer M, guided in a vertical way in a stout framing 0. At each revolution of the wheel the stop ct acts on the pin B on the block B and causes it to turn there with a little more than a half-revolution, after which the pin B, impelled by the tension of the flexible connection, darts ahead of the motion of the wheel and, moving freely in the curved way, allows the hammer to descend with its full force upon an anvil I or upon hot iron or other material interposed,as will be understood. After the blow is given the continued rotation of the wheel, carrying the curved way around, causes the block B, and consequently the pin 13, to traverse backward therein until it is again struck by the stop a, and the action is repeated. This may continue as long as is desired, a suitable dog (not shown) actuated by the foot being interposed to arrest the hammer, or other ordinary or suitable means being employed to stop the action of the hammer when desired. In the form shown in Fig. 2 a similar action takes place, with the difference simply that the wheel A is supported over the hammer and the flexible connection extends directly thereto. In both forms the flexible connection, which is always slightly elastic, should be adjusted in length, so that after striking its blow the hammer will be slightly lifted by the elasticity of the action.

It is obviously essential to allow sufficient liberty for the hammer to fall to effect its work. To effect the completion of its stroke it should stretch the connection slightly, so that on the completion of the stroke the contraction of the connection will lift it a little. In case of mal-adjustment by giving too great length to the connection the hammer is liable to chatter or make a succession of slight after-blows or to rest a little time on the material, either of which actions in some kinds of work would induce mischief.

In the forms shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the hammer is lifted during this period by eccentricity of the curved way. In Fig. 7 thelast part as well as the first half of the curved way is non-concentric, or what I term eccentric, to the axis of motion; but as the block 13 rarely travels to any considerable extent into the last part of the curved way the form of the last part is not important. In Fig. 6 the first part only is eccentric. In both these forms, as in the forms shown in the other figures, the pin B is carried with a true crank motion during the period of lifting the hammer and is set free and allowed to slide idly in the groove during the period of the rapid descent of the hammer. In all, the hammer is idle for a time near the lower end of its path and then is again caught up by the contact of the stop ct with the block B; but in the form shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the hammer is lifted appreciably above what would be due to the mere elasticity of the connections and is held suspended an inch, more or less, above the iron or other material being treated during a fourth or some other considerable fraction of the revolution of the wheel.

Further modifications may be made without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. \Vhen the curved way is made by a ridge, as indicated in Fig. 5, the ridge may have inclined sides or a dovetail. section instead of the T- section shown. The invention may be used with drop-hammers, rams, Stampers, or other forms of striking or pushing instruments.

I claim as my invention The hammer M or analogous tool, flexible connection 0, and pin B, in combination with each other and with the revolving wheel A, having a curved Way a and stop (4', arranged for joint operation substantially as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Berlin, this 21st day of January, 1891, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNST IIAMMESFAIIR.

Witnesses:

PAUL RUBUE, WILnnLu Gno'rscn. 

